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, Serena N Baird Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Mercy Hospital , Kansas City, MO , United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Clinton C Frazee, III Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Mercy Hospital , Kansas City, MO , United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Uttam Garg Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Mercy Hospital , Kansas City, MO , United States Address correspondence to this author at: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Mercy Hospital, 2401 Gillham Rd, Kansas City, MO 64108, United States. E-mail ugarg@cmh.edu. Previous presentation: This research was first presented as a poster at the American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC) conference in Chicago on July 26, 2022. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic
The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine, Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2023, Pages 665–673, https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfad017
Published:
18 April 2023
Article history
Received:
22 September 2022
Accepted:
17 January 2023
Published:
18 April 2023
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Serena N Baird, Clinton C Frazee, Uttam Garg, Evaluation of a Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Carboxylic Acid (Δ9-THC-COOH) Immunoassay and a Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Method for the Detection of Delta-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol Carboxylic Acid (Δ8-THC-COOH), The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine, Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2023, Pages 665–673, https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfad017
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Abstract
Background
Delta-8 tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC) is a naturally occurring or synthetically prepared cannabinoid that elicits psychological and physiological experiences commonly reported for its more infamous isomer, delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC). Unlike Δ9-THC, Δ8-THC products are generally legal under federal law and there has been a rise in their usage. One of the main targets for detection and quantitation of Δ9-THC is its inactive metabolite, 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC-COOH).
Methods
This study evaluated the ability of the currently used Δ9-THC-COOH immunoassay and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods to detect 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC-COOH) and distinguish it from Δ9-THC-COOH.
Results
The EMIT II Plus® Cannabinoid immunoassay for Δ9-THC-COOH with a cutoff of 20 ng/mL showed positive results for Δ8-THC-COOH with concentrations of 30 ng/mL or higher. Although many of the ion fragments generated by mass spectrometry were found to overlap between the 2 compounds, the GC-MS method presently used to quantify Δ9-THC-COOH separated the 2 compounds sufficiently to identify them independently by relative retention time.
Conclusion
Current immunoassays and GC-MS methods should be evaluated for the ability to detect and distinguish the presence of Δ8-THC-COOH.
© American Association for Clinical Chemistry 2023. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com
This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights)
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Evaluation of a Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Carboxylic Acid (Δ9-THC-COOH) Immunoassay and a Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Method for the Detection of Delta-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol Carboxylic Acid (Δ8-THC-COOH) - 24 Hours access
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