What if your bank closes or fails? What happens to the deposited amount? (2024)

Bank failure is a fear of every bank customer, and sometimes non-banking customers are also curious about this. If you have ever wondered about the security of your deposits in banks, don't worry; most of your money is safe under DICGC, a subsidiary of the RBI.

Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation (DICGC) covers almost all types of deposits you have in the bank, including savings, fixed, current, and recurring deposits.

However, there are a few types of deposits that it doesn't cover-

Types of deposits not covered by DIGC:

  • Deposits of foreign governments
  • Deposits of central/state governments
  • Deposits from inter-bank transactions
  • Deposits in cooperative banks
  • Deposits in banks operating outside India

According to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), the DICGC insures principal and interest up to a maximum amount of Rs 5 lakh. For example, if someone has a bank account with Rs 4,95,000 as the main amount and they earn an extra Rs 4,000 as interest, the DICGC would protect all of their money, which will be Rs 4,99,000.

But if the main amount in your account is Rs 5,00,000 and you earn Rs 4,000 as interest, only Rs 5,00,000 would be insured; Rs 4,000 from the interest wouldn't be protected. This isn't because it's interest money; it's because it's above the limit that the insurance covers.

What if you have multiple bank accounts?

If you have bank accounts at different banks, the insurance limit applies to each account separately, which means the money you have in each bank is protected up to the limit of Rs 5 lakh.

DIGC directly contacts banks

The DICGC doesn't directly interact with the depositors of failed banks. When a bank is in trouble and has to close, the person in charge of handling the bank's closure makes a list of all the depositors and the deposited amount they have in the bank. This list is then sent to the DICGC for review and payment. The DICGC gives money to the bank, and it's the bank's responsibility to distribute it to the depositors.

How do you know if a bank is insured with the DICGC or not?

The DICGC provides printed leaflets to the banks while registering them as insured banks. The leaflets have information regarding the protection offered by the DICGC to the depositors of those banks. If the depositor wants to know the status of a bank as a DICGC-registered bank, they can make special inquiries to the branch officer in this regard.

What is the reason for bank failure?

According to Vivek Iyer, head of the financial services risk advisory practice at Grant Thornton Bharat, bank failures occur for many reasons, but the most common factor among all failures is how a liquidity crisis turns into a solvency crisis. This translation generally propagates through market jitters, and hence we may see banks providing special liquidity windows in such unfortunate times.

Small depositors vs Large depositors

"Small depositors usually get their deposits back in case of a bank crisis, however, the delays are what cause substantial irritation to customers, as is what is being observed in the recent co-operative bank crisis. While on the other hand, large depositors (defined as customers who have deposit balances above the limit offered under the deposit insurance scheme) will need to wait out the process to see what extent of their deposit is cut that may be applied to them in a restructuring scenario and may vary on a case-to-case basis" Iyer told Zeebiz.com.

What if your bank closes or fails? What happens to the deposited amount? (2024)

FAQs

What if your bank closes or fails? What happens to the deposited amount? ›

If your bank fails, up to $250,000 of deposited money (per person, per account ownership type) is protected by the FDIC. When banks fail

banks fail
A bank failure is the closing of a bank by a federal or state regulator when the bank can't meet its obligations to depositors, borrowers, and others. The federal government has the power to close national banks and banking commissioners have the power to close state-chartered banks.
https://www.investopedia.com › terms › bank-failure
, the most common outcome is that another bank takes over the assets and your accounts are simply transferred over. If not, the FDIC will pay you out.

What happens to deposits when a bank fails? ›

When there is no open bank acquirer for the deposits, the FDIC will pay the depositor directly by check up to the insured balance in each account. Such payments usually begin within a few days after the bank closing.

What happens to my money if my bank closes? ›

If a bank closes, what happens to your money depends on whether the account is sold to another institution or the FDIC takes responsibility for paying out depositors. In most cases, accounts are sold to another bank, and you will automatically have access to your funds at the new institution.

What happens to your money if the bank closes and the funds you deposited in the bank were in a qualified account backed by the FDIC? ›

Since the FDIC began operations in 1934, no depositor has ever lost a penny of FDIC-insured deposits. FDIC insurance covers depositor accounts at each insured bank, dollar-for-dollar, including principal and any accrued interest through the date of the insured bank's closing, up to the insurance limit.

What happens to a fixed deposit if the bank closes? ›

The bank deposits are insured by Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation (DICGC), a subsidiary of the Reserve Bank of India. The agency does not directly charge any premium from bank depositors but banks pay a nominal premium for the cover. This deposit guarantee can be released only if the bank gets closed.

Can banks seize your money if the economy fails? ›

The short answer is no. Banks cannot take your money without your permission, at least not legally. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insures deposits up to $250,000 per account holder, per bank. If the bank fails, you will return your money to the insured limit.

Who protects your money in deposit accounts if the bank fails? ›

A: The FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) is an independent agency of the United States government that protects bank depositors against the loss of their insured deposits in the event that an FDIC-insured bank or savings association fails.

Is your money safe if a bank fails? ›

For the most part, if you keep your money at an institution that's FDIC-insured, your money is safe — at least up to $250,000 in accounts at the failing institution. You're guaranteed that $250,000, and if the bank is acquired, even amounts over the limit may be smoothly transferred to the new bank.

What happens to my money if a bank goes bust? ›

When a bank is at risk of going bust, there is usually a run on the bank when the bank's customers try to withdraw the money in their accounts before the bank closes. There is a government scheme in place which will compensate account holders of a bank that has failed, but only up to a limited sum.

What happens to safe deposit boxes when a bank closes? ›

The FDIC does not insure the contents of safe deposit boxes at banks. If your bank fails, you likely will be able to retrieve the contents of your safe deposit box. If another bank acquires your bank's branches, you can contact that bank to ask about accessing your safe deposit box.

What happens if money is deposited into a closed bank account? ›

Direct deposits to closed accounts are usually returned to the sender. The bank may hold onto the funds and give the account holder time to reopen the closed account. Banks may issue a paper check to the individual who owns the closed account.

Can I still deposit money if the bank is closed? ›

Closed as in Out Of Business or closed is in after regular hours? If the bank is out of business you will not be able to make deposit and withdrawals. If the bank is still in business you can use the Automated Teller Machine (ATM) to make deposits and withdrawals after hours.

Where do millionaires keep their money if banks only insure 250k? ›

Millionaires can insure their money by depositing funds in FDIC-insured accounts, NCUA-insured accounts, through IntraFi Network Deposits, or through cash management accounts. They may also allocate some of their cash to low-risk investments, such as Treasury securities or government bonds.

What happens to my money if the bank closes my account? ›

If the bank closed your account and there is money still in it, you're due a refund. The bank will typically send you a check, but if it suspects criminal activity on your part, it may be allowed to freeze your assets.

How to get money when the bank is closed? ›

Shortcuts
  1. The Post Office.
  2. Banking hubs.
  3. Mobile and pop-up banks.
  4. Cash machines (ATMs)
  5. Your local shop.
  6. Online banking.

How much money is guaranteed if a bank fails? ›

Each depositor in a bank is insured up to a maximum of Rs 5,00,000 (Rupees Five Lakhs) for both principal and interest amounts held by him in the same right and same capacity as on the date of liquidation or cancellation of the bank's licence or the date on which the scheme of amalgamation, merger, or reconstruction ...

Who gets paid when a bank fails? ›

By law, after insured depositors are paid, uninsured depositors are paid next, followed by general creditors and then stockholders. In most cases, general creditors and stockholders realize little or no recovery.

How to get money from FDIC if bank fails? ›

After a seizure, the bank's employees work for the FDIC. The customer experience does not change much. Depositors are still able to retrieve their money, usually up to the insured amount, including by writing checks, accessing their safe deposit boxes, and withdrawing money through an ATM.

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